![]() ![]() The model was further developed where interactive 2D flood modelling was done to simulate extreme storm events in the open pit and bigger plant areas. ![]() What started off as a very basic concept model to demonstrate surface water compliance, quickly progressed when the model was upgraded to assist the Mine’s overall water balance and design planning to upgrade the drainage systems at the Mine. To assist Sishen Mine with these challenges, the well-known Canadian programme PCSWMM was used to create a hydrological surface water model for the bigger Sishen mining area. These higher intensities lead to extreme flooding that can bring mines to a stand-still, with huge financial losses when production is impacted for weeks on end. Linked to this, the impacts of climate change have shown that storm events are of a higher intensity. The impact of global warming is also a growing reality, where surface water is a scarce resource that must be managed strategically. The Mine is governed by strict environmental legislation, where pollution compliance is not negotiable. Sishen Mine is respected as one of the largest opencast iron ore mines in the world and is faced with large challenges regarding surface water management on the Mine. Sishen Mine is located in the arid Kalahari region of South Africa near the town of Kathu in the Northern Cape Province.
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